Writing MySQL Scripts with PHP and PDO （写作与PHP和MySQL脚本PDO）.pdfVIP

Writing MySQL Scripts with PHP and PDO Paul DuBois paul@ Document revision: 1.02 Last update: 2013-08-11 PHP makes it easy to write scripts that access databases, enabling you to create dynamic web pages that incorporate database content. PHP includes several specialized database-access interfaces that take the form of separate sets of functions for each database system. There is one set for MySQL, another for Inter- Base, another for PostgreSQL, and so forth. However, having a different set of functions for each database makes PHP scripts non-portable at the lexical (source code) level. For example, the function for issuing an SQL statement is named mysql_query(), ibase_query(), or pg_exec(), depending on whether you are using MySQL, InterBase, or PostgreSQL. In PHP 5 and up, you can avoid this problem by using the PHP Data Objects (PDO) extension. PDO sup- ports database access in an engine-independent manner based on a two-level architecture: • The top level provides an interface that consists of a set of classes and methods that is the same for all database engines supported by PDO. The interface hides engine-specific details so that script writers need not think about which set of functions to use. • The lower level consists of individual drivers. Each driver supports a particular database engine and translates between the top-level interface seen by script writers and the database-specific interface required by the engine. This provides you the flexibility of using any database for which a driver exists, without having to consider driver-specific details. This architectural appro