英语中倍数及表达方法和译法.docVIP

I. 英语倍数表达法用英语表达A 是 B 的 N 倍长（宽，高，大，重等），A 比 B 长（宽，高，大，重等）N 倍 或A 的长度（宽度，高度，大小，重量等）是 B 的 N 倍，可用下列几种句型。1.A + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + B. This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。 His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。 2.A + be + 倍数 + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。 The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one. 这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。 3.A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。 4.The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。 5.其它 Im twice/ double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。 Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。 The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year. 与去年相比，该单位职工的收入增加了50%. The price of TVs are twofold( adj. 两部分的, 双重的) down over these years. 近几年来，电视机的价格下降了两倍。II. 英语中倍数的表达方法和译法语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有 一些（如下文中的句型、、、、（12） 等， 见圈码）很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常 用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下： 倍数增加 (一) A is n times as great（long，much，…）as B.（） A is n times greater （longer， more，…）than B.（） A is n times the size （length， amount，…）of B.() 以上三句都应译为；A的大小（长度，数量，……）是B的n倍[或A比B大（长，多，……）n-1倍]. Eg. This book is three times as long as （three times longer than，three times the length of ）that one. 这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍（即长两倍）。 注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than（as，of）B常被省去。 （二）increase to n times（） increase n times／n-fold（） increase by n times（） increase by a factor of n（） 以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。 Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year. 集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。 Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986． 化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。 Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍（即提高1倍或2倍）。 Eg. The drain voltage has been increased