基于DEA模型的国家重点龙头企业生产效率分析.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2013,29(2):52-58 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 基于DEA 模型的国家重点龙头企业生产效率分析 张 宇，王丽明，王玉斌 （中国农业大学经济管理学院，北京100083） 摘 要：龙头企业是农业产业化经营的关键主体，对其生产效率进行量化评价，有利于帮助人们分析企 业、行业间的差距，充分挖掘企业潜力。采用数据包络分析法，对中国40 家以种植类农产品为原料，从 事深加工龙头企业2011 年生产效率进行实证分析。结果表明：国家重点龙头企业的生产率较高，呈现 良好的发展态势；从种植业子类角度看，企业综合效率差异性显著，经济作物类和酒油类企业综合效率 较高，果蔬、粮食类等初级加工企业综合效率较低，良种类企业最低；龙头企业资产、劳动力、成本和土地 4 项投入要素均存在冗余，资产冗余度最高。通过科技创新提高资源利用率、实施品牌战略、发挥规模 效益是龙头企业今后发展的方向。 关键词：龙头企业；技术效率；规模效率；数据包络分析 中图分类号：F27 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2012-2245 Production Efficiency Analysis of the National Leading Enterprises Based on DEA Model ZhangYu,WangLiming,WangYubin (CollegeofEconomicsandManagement,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100083) Abstract: Leading enterprise was the key body of agricultural industrialization. Evaluating efficiency of agriculturalproductionwasgoodforpeopletoanalyzethegapamongenterprisesanddifferentindustries,totap thefullpotential.BasedontheDEA(DataEnvelopmentAnalysis)method,theauthoranalyzedtheproduction efficiencyof40leadingenterprisesinourcountryempirically,whichusedplantingagriculturalproductsasraw material for further processing. Research showed that: all national leading enterprises displayed high productivity and presented good development tendency; but from the planting industry subclasses, the comprehensive efficiency of enterprises showed significant differences, economic crops and wine/oil enterprisesenjoyedhigherefficiency,theenterprisesofprocessingprimaryfruitsandvegetableshowedlower efficiency,seedenterprisewasthelowest.Alltheleadingenterprise’sinputelements,suchasassets,labor, cost and land exist slack. The slack of assets was highest. The future development direction of leading enterprisewasthatraisingtheresourceutiliza