丽水地区2005～2011年孕妇产前筛查流行病学探究.docVIP

丽水地区2005～2011年孕妇产前筛查流行病学探究[摘要] 目的 研究丽水地区孕妇产前筛查流行病学特征。 方法 采用以孕前检查为基础的监测方法收集2005～2011年孕妇产前筛查资料，并进行出生缺陷风险的流行病学分析。 结果 73 228例孕妇的筛查高风险率为3.72%，其中21-三体高风险率为2.95%；18-三体高风险率为0.23%；NTD高风险率为0.53%，各县（市，区）之间风险率差异有统计学意义（χ2=60.28，P 0.01），不同孕周之间风险率差异有统计学意义（χ2=174.72，P 0.01），随孕妇年龄增长，风险率有增高趋势（χ2=115.51，P 0.01），在≥35年龄组风险率最高。 结论 针对重点人群加强预防和控制出生缺陷，对提高人口素质具有重要意义。 [关键词] 产前筛查；出生缺陷；流行病学研究 [中图分类号] R714.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2013）07-0004-03 The epidemic study of birth defect by prenatal screening in Lishui from 2005 to 2011 CHEN Ying HUANG Ziyan HUANG Ying LAN Weiwei Department of Clinical Laboratory， Lishui Meternity and Child Health Hospital， Zhejiang Province， Lishui 323000， China [Abstract] Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of pregnant women sieved before delivery checking in Lishui. Methods Collected the data of pregnant women sieved before delivery during 2005-2011 in the way of monitoring them before pregnancy， and then an epidemiological analysis of birth defect risk was made. Results The high risk-rate was 3.72% in 73228 pregnant women screening， the high-risk rate of 21-trisomy was 2.95%， 18-trisomy was 0.23% and NTD was 0.53%. There were significant difference in high-risk rate of different counties （cities and districts）（χ2=60.28，P 0.01）， and it was the same tendency among the different gestational weeks （χ2=174.72，P 0.01）. The trend is that the risk rate increased with age of pregnant women （χ2=115.51，P 0.01） and the highest was in the group over 35 years old. Conclusion It is important to control the birth defect by preventing the high-risk population which is necessary for improving the human quality. [Key words] Prenatal screening； Birth defect； Epidemic study 近年来伴随着人口和疾病模式的转变，出生缺陷问题日益突出，已成为我国婴儿死亡、儿童和成年人残疾的主要原因之一。据统计我国每年出生近80～100万先天缺陷新生儿，占出生总婴儿数的5%，其中神经管缺陷（neural tube defects，NTD）病儿约10万，21-三体综合征病儿约3万。由于缺乏有效的预防和治疗手段，产前筛查在预防缺陷儿出生中起着重要作用。国内外大规模临床实践已经充分证实了21-三体综合征等产前筛查的可行性、有效性和必要性[1-5]。为能够准确可靠地了解丽水地区出生缺陷现状，笔者对本地区2005～2011年出