a novel approach for foreign substances detection in injection using clustering and frame difference外来物质的新方法检测注射用集群和框架的差异.pdfVIP

Sensors 2011, 11, 9121-9135; doi:10.3390/s111009121 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article A Novel Approach for Foreign Substances Detection in Injection Using Clustering and Frame Difference Guiliang Lu, Yu Zhou , Yao Yu and Sidan Du School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China; E-Mail: luguiliang@ (G.L.); coff128@ (S.D.) Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: nackzhou@ (Y.Z.); allanyu@ (Y.Y.); Tel.: +86-25-8359-7453; Fax: +86-25-8359-7453. Received: 2 August 2011; in revised form: 15 September 2011 / Accepted: 16 September 2011 / Published: 27 September 2011 Abstract: This paper focuses on developing a novel technique based on machine vision for detection of foreign substances in injections. Mechanical control yields spin/stop movement of injections which helps to cause relative movement between foreign substances in liquid and an ampoule bottle. Foreign substances are classified into two categories: subsiding-slowly object and subsiding-fast object. A sequence of frames are captured by a camera and used to recognize foreign substances. After image preprocessing like noise reduction and motion detection, two different methods, Moving-object Clustering (MC) and Frame Difference, are proposed to detect the two categories respectively. MC is operated to cluster subsiding-slowly foreign substances, based on the invariant features of those objects. Frame Difference is defined to calcula