a new classification system for the actions of irs chemicals traditionally used for malaria control国税局的行为的新分类系统化学物质通常用于疟疾控制.pdfVIP

A New Classification System for the Actions of IRS Chemicals Traditionally Used For Malaria Control 1 1 2 3 4 1 John P. Grieco *, Nicole L. Achee , Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap , Wannapa Suwonkerd , Kamal Chauhan , Michael R. Sardelis , Donald R. Roberts1 1 Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 2 Department of Entomology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand, 3 Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4 Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America Knowledge of how mosquitoes respond to insecticides is of paramount importance in understanding how an insecticide functions to prevent disease transmission. A suite of laboratory assays was used to quantitatively characterize mosquito responses to toxic, contact irritant, and non-contact spatial repellent actions of standard insecticides. Highly replicated tests of these compounds over a range of concentrations proved that all were toxic, some were contact irritants, and even fewer were non-contact repellents. Of many chemicals tested, three were selected for testing in experimental huts to confirm that chemical actions documented in laboratory tests are also expressed in the field. The laboratory tests showed the primary action of DDT is repellent, alphacypermethrin is irritant, and dieldrin is only toxic. These tests were followed with hut studies in Thailand against marked-released populations. DDT exhibited a highly protective level of repellency that kept mosquitoes outside of huts. Alphacypermethrin did not keep mosquitoes o