a plasmodium whole-genome synteny map indels and synteny breakpoints as foci for species-specific genes疟原虫全基因组同线性映射indels和同线性断点作为种特异的基因的焦点.pdfVIP

A Plasmodium Whole-Genome Synteny Map: Indels and Synteny Breakpoints as Foci for Species-Specific Genes 1¤ 2 2 2,3 1 1 1* Taco W. A. Kooij , Jane M. Carlton , Shelby L. Bidwell , Neil Hall , Jai Ramesar , Chris J. Janse , Andrew P. Waters 1 Department of Parasitology, Malaria Group, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands, 2 The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America, 3 Pathogen Sequencing Unit, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom Whole-genome comparisons are highly informative regarding genome evolution and can reveal the conservation of genome organization and gene content, gene regulatory elements, and presence of species-specific genes. Initial comparative genome analyses of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and rodent malaria parasites (RMPs) revealed a core set of 4,500 Plasmodium orthologs located in the highly syntenic central regions of the chromosomes that sharply defined the boundaries of the variable subtelomeric regions. We used composite RMP contigs, based on partial DNA sequences of three RMPs, to generate a whole-genome synteny map of P. falciparum and the RMPs. The core regions of the 14 chromosomes of P. falciparum and the RMPs are organized in 36 synteny blocks, representing groups of genes that have been stably inherited since these malaria species diverged, but whose relative organization has altered as a result of a predicted minimum of 15 recombination events. P. falciparum-specific genes and gene families are found in the variable subtelomeric regions (575 genes), at synteny breakpoints (42 genes), and as intrasyntenic indels (126 genes). Of the 168 non-subtelomeri