a review of closed-loop algorithms for glycemic control in the treatment of type 1 diabetes闭环算法的评估血糖控制治疗1型糖尿病.pdfVIP

Algorithms 2009, 2, 518-532; doi:10.3390/a2010518 OPEN ACCESS algorithms ISSN 1999-4893 /journal/algorithms Review A Review of Closed-Loop Algorithms for Glycemic Control in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes * Joseph El Youssef, Jessica Castle and W. Kenneth Ward Schnitzer Diabetes Center, mailstop OP05-DC, Oregon Health and Science University. 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland OR USA 97239 E-mails: elyoussj@ (J.El Y.); castleje@ (J.R.C.); kward@, wardk@ (W.K.W.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: wardk@ (W.K.W.) Received: 30 October 2008; in revised form: 23 January 2009 / Accepted: 25 February 2009 / Published: 12 March 2009 Abstract: With the discovery of insulin came a deeper understanding of therapeutic options for one of the most devastating chronic diseases of the modern era, diabetes mellitus. The use of insulin in the treatment of diabetes, especially in those with severe insulin deficiency (type 1 diabetes), with multiple injections or continuous subcutaneous infusion, has been largely successful, but the risk for short term and long term complications remains substantial. Insulin treatment decisions are based on the patient’s knowledge of meal size, exercise plans and the intermittent knowledge of blood glucose values. As such, these are open loop methods that require human input. The idea of closed