amoebal endosymbiont protochlamydia induces apoptosis to human immortal hep-2 cells人类不朽hep-2 amoebal内共生体protochlamydia凋亡细胞.pdfVIP

Amoebal Endosymbiont Protochlamydia Induces Apoptosis to Human Immortal HEp-2 Cells 1 1 2 1 1 1 Atsushi Ito , Junji Matsuo , Shinji Nakamura , Asahi Yoshida , Miho Okude , Yasuhiro Hayashi , Haruna 2 3 3 1 Sakai , Mitsutaka Yoshida , Kaori Takahashi , Hiroyuki Yamaguchi * 1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, 2 Division of Biomedical Imaging Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3 Division of Ultrastructural Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Abstract Protochlamydia, an environmental chlamydia and obligate amoebal endosymbiotic bacterium, evolved to survive within protist hosts, such as Acanthamobae, 700 million years ago. However, these bacteria do not live in vertebrates, including humans. This raises the possibility that interactions between Protochlamydia and human cells could induce a novel cytopathic effect, leading to new insights into host-parasite relationships. Therefore, we studied the effect of Protochlamydia on the survival of human immortal cell line, HEp-2 cells and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Using mainly 49,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, fluorescent in situ hybridization, transmission electron microscopy, and also TUNEL and Transwell assays, we demonstrated that the Protochlamydia induced apoptosis in HEp-2 cells. The attachment of viable bacterial cells, but not an increase of bacterial infectious progenie