revealing natural relationships among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture line beg47 represents diversispora epigaea, not glomus versiforme揭示丛枝菌根真菌文化建立之间的自然关系线beg47代表diversispora epigaea,不是血管球versiforme.pdfVIP

Revealing Natural Relationships among Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Culture Line BEG47 Represents Diversispora epigaea, Not Glomus versiforme ¨ 1 ¨ 1 2,3 Arthur Schußler *, Manuela Kruger , Christopher Walker 1 Department of Biology, Biocenter of the Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Martinsried, Germany, 2 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3 School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia Abstract Background: Understanding the mechanisms underlying biological phenomena, such as evolutionarily conservative trait inheritance, is predicated on knowledge of the natural relationships among organisms. However, despite their enormous ecological significance, many of the ubiquitous soil inhabiting and plant symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, phylum Glomeromycota) are incorrectly classified. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, we focused on a frequently used model AMF registered as culture BEG47. This fungus is a descendent of the ex-type culture-lineage of Glomus epigaeum, which in 1983 was synonymised with Glomus versiforme. It has since then been used as ‘G. versiforme BEG47’. We show by morphological comparisons, based on type material, collected 1860–61, of G. versiforme and on type material and living ex-type cultures of G. epigaeum, that these two AMF species cannot be conspecific, and by molecular phylogenetics that BEG47 is a member of the genus Diversispora. Conclusions: This study highlights that experimental works published during the last .25 years on an AMF named ‘G. versiforme’ or ‘BEG47’ refer to D. epigaea, a species that is actually evolutionarily separated by hundreds of millions of years from all members of the genera in the Glomerales and th