sex-specific dynamics of global chromatin changes in fetal mouse germ cells性别动态全球染色质的老鼠胚胎生殖细胞的变化.pdfVIP

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sex-specific dynamics of global chromatin changes in fetal mouse germ cells性别动态全球染色质的老鼠胚胎生殖细胞的变化.pdf

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sex-specific dynamics of global chromatin changes in fetal mouse germ cells性别动态全球染色质的老鼠胚胎生殖细胞的变化

Sex-Specific Dynamics of Global Chromatin Changes in Fetal Mouse Germ Cells 1.¤ 1. 2 2 ´ 1 Masanobu Abe , Shirley Y. Tsai , Seung-Gi Jin , Gerd P. Pfeifer , Piroska E. Szabo * 1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, United States of America, 2 Department of Cancer Biology, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, United States of America Abstract Mammalian germ cells undergo global reprogramming of DNA methylation during their development. Global DNA demethylation occurs around the time when the primordial germ cells colonize the embryonic gonads and this coincides with dynamic changes in chromatin composition. Global de novo DNA methylation takes place with remarkably different dynamics between the two sexes, prospermatogonia attaining methylation during fetal stages and oocytes attaining methylation postnatally. Our hypothesis was that dynamic changes in chromatin composition may precede or accompany the wave of global DNA de novo methylation as well. We used immunocytochemistry to measure global DNA methylation and chromatin components in male and female mouse fetal germ cells compared to control somatic cells of the gonad. We found that global DNA methylation levels sharply increased in male germ cells at 17.5 days post coitum, but remained low in female germ cells at all fetal stages. Global changes in chromatin composition: i, preceded global DNA methylation in fetal germ cells; ii, sex specifically occurred in male but not in female germ cells; iii, affected active and repressive histone marks and iv, included hist