sexual dichromatism of the damselfly calopteryx japonica caused by a melanin-chitin multilayer in the male wing veins性二色性的豆娘calopteryx粳稻melanin-chitin多层引起的雄性翼静脉.pdfVIP

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sexual dichromatism of the damselfly calopteryx japonica caused by a melanin-chitin multilayer in the male wing veins性二色性的豆娘calopteryx粳稻melanin-chitin多层引起的雄性翼静脉.pdf

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sexual dichromatism of the damselfly calopteryx japonica caused by a melanin-chitin multilayer in the male wing veins性二色性的豆娘calopteryx粳稻melanin-chitin多层引起的雄性翼静脉

Sexual Dichromatism of the Damselfly Calopteryx japonica Caused by a Melanin-Chitin Multilayer in the Male Wing Veins 1 1 2 1 1 Doekele G. Stavenga *, Hein L. Leertouwer , Takahiko Hariyama , Hans A. De Raedt , Bodo D. Wilts 1 Computational Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, 2 Department of Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan Abstract Mature male Calopteryx japonica damselflies have dark-blue wings, due to darkly coloured wing membranes and blue reflecting veins. The membranes contain a high melanin concentration and the veins have a multilayer of melanin and chitin. Female and immature C. japonica damselflies have brown wings. We have determined the refractive index of melanin by comparing the differently pigmented wing membranes and applying Jamin-Lebedeff interference microscopy. Together with the previously measured refractive index of chitin the blue, structural colour of the male wing veins could be quantitatively explained by an optical multilayer model. The obtained melanin refractive index data will be useful in optical studies on melanized tissues, especially where melanin is concentrated in layers, thus causing iridescence. Citation: Stavenga DG, Leertouwer HL, Hariyama T, De Raedt HA, Wilts BD (2012) Sexual Dichromatism of the Damselfly Calopteryx japonica Caused by a Melanin- Chitin Multilayer in the Male Wing Veins. PLoS ONE 7(11): e49743. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049743 Editor: Jochen Zeil, The Australian National University, Australia Received September 11, 2012; Accepted October 12, 2012; Published November 20, 2012 Copyright: 2012