常见病防治 2（Prevention and treatment of common diseases 2）.docVIP

常见病防治 2（Prevention and treatment of common diseases 2） Introduction of common infectious disease prevention knowledge in spring and Autumn Period I. knowledge of common infectious diseases and preventive measures in spring Measles: measles is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by measles virus, which occurs frequently in spring and winter, and is highly contagious. The clinical manifestations of fever, rash and red eyes, photophobia, tears, sneezing, coughing, flood flow as the main symptom, and the buccal mucosa appeared plaque characteristics of measles. Pneumonia, laryngitis, encephalitis and other complications can occur during the course of the disease. Generally immunity can be obtained after illness. With the source of infection is the source of infection, 5 days after the patients before the onset of 2 to rash, conjunctival secretions, nose, mouth, throat, trachea secretions contain infectious virus. The main routes of transmission are air droplet direct transmission, or indirect transmission through contaminated items. Minimizing the contact with patients and their patients and their families is the key to measles prevention. Population susceptibility is generally prevalent among people. More common in infants and young children, but in recent years, due to the widespread vaccination of measles vaccine, the age of onset has a downward trend. Preventive measures to do good health work, timely vaccination of measles vaccine, indoor air circulation, less popular season to public places. Exercise, and enhance disease resistance. Once in contact with a patient with measles, it should be isolated immediately and must not go out and may be given intramuscular injection of placental globulin or gamma globulin. Children should be isolated to fifth days after the rash, give a nutritious and digestible liquid or semi liquid diet, avoid spicy greasy food. Influenza (influenza): influenza is caused by influenza, an acute respiratory infectious disease caused