放牧影响下羊草种群生殖生态学的研究3-应用生态学报.PDFVIP

应 用 生 态 学 报 　2000 年 6 月 　第 11 卷 　第 3 期 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 CHIN ESE J OU RNAL OF A PPL IED ECOL O GY ,J un . 2000 ,11 (3) ∶399～402 放牧影响下羊草种群生殖生态学的研究 (东北师范大学国家草地生态工程实验室 ,长春 130024) 王仁忠 　 【摘要】　在种群水平上系统研究了放牧对松嫩草原羊草种群无性繁殖 、有性生殖和生物量生殖分配的影响. 结 果表明 ,放牧制约了羊草种群无性繁殖和有性生殖的更新途径 ,表现在随放牧强度增加 ,无性繁殖体营养枝密 度 、根茎芽密度和有性生殖体种子生物量 、结实数和生殖枝分化率等指标均显著下降 ,特别是重牧后下降迅速. 随放牧强度增加 ,羊草种群根茎生物量的分配比例显著增加 ,而同化器官、非同化器官和种子生物量分配比例 都显著下降 ,极牧阶段几乎没有生殖枝的分化. 关键词 　羊草种群 　放牧 　无性繁殖和有性生殖 　生物量生殖分配 Effect of grazing on reproduction in L eymus chinensis population. WAN G Renzhong ( N ational L aboratory of Grasslan d Ecolog ical Eng ineering , N ort heas t N orm al University , Changchun 130024) . Chin . J . A pp l . Ecol . , 2000 ,11 (3) :399～402 . The exp eriment on t he effect of grazing on t he asexual and sexual reproduction and biomass allocation in L ey m us chi nensis population was conducted in Songnen grassland . The result s show t hat animal grazing reduced bot h asexual and sexual reproductive channels. Wit h t he increase of grazing intensity ,t he densities of asexual shoot s and rhizome tillers , seed biomass , numbers of seeds p er inflorescence and sexual shoot ratio decreased significantly ,esp ecially after heavy grazing. The rates of biomass allocation to rhizome increased significantly wit h increasing grazing intensity , while t he rates of biomass allocation to assimilation , unassimilation organs and seed production decreased remarkably . In t he haviest grazing stage ,t here were almost no sexual shoot s. Key words 　L ey m us chinensis population , Grazing , Asexual and sexual reproduction , Biomass productive allocation .