国际企业的控制管理.ppt

D C B 议价能力 低 高 时间 东道国议价能力 子公司议价能力 A 发生干预 图9-4 不同时期的相对议价能力 * 第一章 国际管理的对象与方法 * Case 1 Spain Spain, which covers 195,000 square miles, is located on the Iberian peninsula at the southwest corner of Europe; its southernmost tip is directly across from Morocco. The country has a population of approximately 40 million and a gross domestic product of about $570 billion($14,250 per capita). Until the mid-1990s, Spain, known for its sunny climate, colorful bullfights, and storybook castles, was * one of the most underdeveloped countries in Western Europe. Now, it is an industrialized country whose economy relies heavily on trade, manufacturing, and agriculture. Many of the old Spanish customs, such as taking a siesta (nap or rest) after lunch, are less common. The democratic government uses a constitutional monarchy, which was * Adopted in 1978, in which the king is head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces, but the legislative power rests in a bicameral parliament consisting of a Congress of Deputies and a Senate. Investors Limited, a partnership based in Hong Kong and headed by Stanley Wong, owns 17 medium and large hotels throughout Asia and a total of 9 others * throughout the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. The group now plans on buying a large hotel in Madrid. This hotel was built at the turn of the century but was completely refurbished in 1990 at a cost of $20 million. The current owners have since decided that the return on investment, which has been averaging 5.2 percent annually, is too small to justify continuing the operation. They have offered the * Hotel to the Wong group for $60 million. One-half is payable immediately, and the rest will be paid in equal annual installments over 5 years. Stanley Wong believes that this is a good investment and has suggested to his partners they accept the offer. “Europe is going to boom during the new millennium,” he told * them, “and Spain is going to be an excellent investment. This h