福特生产系统的使命.pptVIP

福特生產系統的使命 我們將教導,吸引,以及激發福特汽車公司的所有組織和每一個人來了解以及應用精實的行為原理和方法 - 以促使連續不斷的改進安全,品質,速 度,和總成本 - 更而帶給顧客更多的價值 從大量生產到精實生產的轉變 ...Transformation from Mass to Lean… 一個不斷學習的組織A teaching organization…. 何謂附加價值? 何謂附加價值? 它是一個能改變產品之型式、裝配、及功能以合乎消費者之規格的程序。Processes that change the product form, fit, or function to meet customer specifications. 消費者願意付費的工作 Work the customer is willing to pay for. 何謂浪費? 只增加成本及工時未增加附加價值之部份 消費者不願意付費的工作 問題之癥兆而非問題之根源 瞭解與認知才是找出浪費的根源 The recognition and understanding of waste is key in defining the root cause 必須認識浪費才能減少浪費To eliminate waste, you have to be able to recognize waste Making more than the next process needs 什麼是生產過剩? 生產的數量比下一工程所需用的還多 以比下一站還快的速度生產 以比下一工程所需的速度還快的生產 為什麼這一類的浪費會發生? 勞動成本及間接成本的指標可驅使人員和設備的使用率Labor and Overhead Measurable driving utilization of people and equipment 庫存而引起的損失Losses from out of stock conditions 堵塞及斷線而引起的損失Losses from blocked and starved conditions 特殊材料的需求Material produced to speculative demand Rejects, rework, reruns 為什麼這一類的浪費會發生? 品質回饋太慢Poor, slow quality feedback 增加生產線外之撿察工作Incremental inspection done outside process station 認可檢修工作Repair operations are viewed as acceptable 缺乏有效之錯誤防止措施Few effective Error Proofing devices in use 未推行標準作業Standardized work not in place 產品與製程不相容Product/process incompatibility 產品過度複雜Product over-complexity 為什麼這一類的浪費會發生? 作業標準不明確Standards unknown / unclear to operators 顧客之規格不明確或常變動Customer specifications are vague or fluctuate 產品試驗過多Product testing and re-testing occurs 部門間目標不一致且溝通不良Functional departments have misaligned goals and poor communication 多多益善的想法Concept that more is better 多餘的移動作業員的走動 Excess movement; operator walking 為什麼這一類的浪費會發生? 外觀及組織不良之工作站Poor workstation configuration and organization 工作量不平衡Work imbalance 未實施目視化工廠Visual Factory not implemented 未實施標準化Standardized Work not implemented 長距離或重複搬運材料Long distance or double handling of material 為什麼這一類的浪費會發生? 工作間距離過長Long distances from operation to operation 物料輸送未按排訂路線Material Handlers not on scheduled routes 倉庫在工廠內部或外部Warehouse on or off s