人及大鼠冠状动脉增龄变化比较探究.docVIP

人及大鼠冠状动脉增龄变化比较探究 　【摘要】 目的 探讨人及大鼠冠状动脉壁组织结构与管径的增龄变化以及种属差别。方法 对新生儿、成年、老年三组人心冠状动脉管壁结构及其老龄变化做了光镜水平定量观察。对幼年、老年大鼠心冠脉进行了电镜水平观察。结果 大鼠冠脉与人心冠脉管壁结构变化有明显不同。人冠脉壁的增龄变化非常显著，新生儿冠脉内膜仅由内皮和一层较厚的内弹性膜构成，至成年和老年时，内膜中出现内皮下层并不同程度的增厚，有的则发展为动脉硬化，使管腔变小。而在大鼠冠脉不论幼年或老年，其内膜仅由内皮构成，无内弹性膜和内皮下层，因而从幼年至老年始终没有内膜增厚和管腔变窄现象。结论 人冠脉管壁增龄变化显著，大鼠冠脉无明显增龄变化，二者间种属差异较显著。这种比较解剖学上的差异，提示用动物实验研究结果解释人类某些机制时需持慎重态度。 【关键词】 冠状动脉；老龄变化；形态学；光/电镜 Comparative research on aging changes of coronary arteries in humanbeings and rat 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the aging changes and species differences on the structure and caliber of the coronary arteries of human and rat．Methods Anterior interventricular branches of the left coronary arteries，derived from newborn，adult and aged human subjects，are respectively observed by light microscope，and the same samples of rats(2 months，n=3;22 months，n=3)are studied by electron microscope．Results There is obvious age-related changes in human beings．The coronary artery of newborn baby has the typical internal and external elastic membranes．The tunica intima is made of only endothelium，no subendothelial layer．In adult，the subendothelial layer is formed and thickened，the internal elastic membrane became thinner and straighter．In aged，the internal and external elastic membranes both disappeared，the subendothelial layer is evidently thickened，in which there are some smallblood vessels and local calcification can be seen occasionally．The proportions of the inner diameter to the thickness of the wall descend with aging in three groups．In rat，no matter the young or old，there is only endotheliumin the tunica intima，there are no subendothelial layer and internal elastic membranes．Therefore，no hyperplasia of the wall occurs．Conclusion There are obvious differentchanges of coronary artery betweenand rat in the aging beings． 【Key words】 coronary artery;aging change;morphology;light/electorn microscope 由检索文献可知，近些年来在探讨高血压发病机制方面，用大鼠进行高血压和动脉硬化血管壁结构与功能改变的实验研究非常热门，然而对人和大鼠动脉增龄变化及其种属差异的研究报道甚少，并不十分清楚。为进一步了解