直接宾语变间接宾讲解资料.docVIP

直接引语和间接引语的用法及练习巩固 一、直接引语和间接引语的意义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的意思，被转述的部分称为间接引语。间接引语多数构成宾语从句。 二、直接引语改为间接引语时连词的使用： 1、直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语的连词用that，that可以省略。如： “I have lived in the south for years,” Mrs Duncan said. →Mrs Duncan told me (that) she had lived in the south for years. Duncan夫人说她在南方住了许多年。 “I shall tell him exactly what I think,” she said. →She said (that) she would tell him exactly what she thought. 她说她将会告诉他她所想的。 2、直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语的连词用if / whether。如： He said，“Are you interested in English?” →He asked (me) if I was interested in English. 他问我是否对英语感兴趣。 He said，“Did you see him last night?”→He asked (me) whether I had seen him the night before. 他问我头天晚上是否见到了他。 3、直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语的连词用特殊疑问句本身所带的疑问词如when，where，who，why，how，how many，how old等等。如： “What do you want?” he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted. 他问我想要什么。 “How can we improve the condition of the soil?” the farmers asked him. →The farmers asked him how they could improve the condition of the soil. 农民们询问他如何才能提高土壤的质量。 4、直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语不用连词，而是将直接引语改为动词不定式用作句子的宾语补足语。如： She said to us，“Please sit down. ” →She asked us to sit down. He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys. ” →He told the boys not to make so much noise. “Please explain why you’re two and a half hours late,” the boss said. →The boss asked him to explain why he was two and a half hours late. “Don’t give up!” Father shouted at him. →Father told him in a loud voice not to give up. “Get everything ready in half an hour,” the teacher said to the students. →The teacher ordered the students to get everything ready in half an hour. 〖注〗主句的谓语动词有时要根据直接引语的情态和语气作相应的变化，如say说； tell sb. 告诉某人；ask问/请求；suggest建议；order命令等等。 四、时态的变化：如主句的谓语动词为现在时态范畴，间接引语中的时态一般不作变化；但如果主句的谓语动词为过去时态范畴，则间接引语多改用相应的过去时态。其规律见下表： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 一般过去将来时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 如：She’s preparing her lessons,” I said. →I said that she was preparing her lessons. I said to them，“He’ll get excited. ” →I told them that he would get excited.