anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the extract of achillea fragrantissima能够具有抗神经炎性反应的效应fragrantissima耆的提取.pdfVIP

Elmann et al. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011, 11:98 /1472-6882/11/98 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Anti-Neuroinflammatory effects of the extract of Achillea fragrantissima 1* 1 1 1 1 2 Anat Elmann , Sharon Mordechay , Hilla Erlank , Alona Telerman , Miriam Rindner and Rivka Ofir Abstract Background: The neuroinflammatory process plays a central role in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, and involves the activation of brain microglial cells. During the neuroinflammatory process, microglial cells release proinflammatory mediators such as cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). In the present study, extracts from 66 different desert plants were tested for their effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced production of NO by primary microglial cells. The extract of Achillea fragrantissima (Af), which is a desert plant that has been used for many years in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, was the most efficient extract, and was further studied for additional anti-neuroinflammatory effects in these cells. Methods: In the present study, the ethanolic extract prepared from Af was tested for its anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated primary cultures of brain microglial cells. The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin1b (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNFa) secreted by the cells were determined by reverse transcriptase-PCR and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. NO levels secreted by the activate cells were measured using Griess reagent, ROS levels wer