harm reduction in cambodia a disconnect between policy and practice减少危害在柬埔寨政策和实践之间的脱节.pdfVIP

Chheng et al. Harm Reduction Journal 2012, 9:30 /content/9/1/30 RESEARCH Open Access Harm reduction in Cambodia: a disconnect between policy and practice 1 1* 2,3,4 2 3,5 Kannarath Chheng , Supheap Leang , Nick Thomson , Timothy Moore and Nick Crofts Abstract In 2003 the Government of Cambodia officially began to recognise that harm reduction was an essential approach to preventing HIV among people who use drugs and their sexual partners. Several programs aiming to control and prevent HIV among drug users have been implemented in Cambodia, mostly in the capital, Phnom Penh. However, there have been ongoing tensions between law enforcement and harm reduction actors, despite several advocacy efforts targeting law enforcement. This study attempts to better understand the implementation of harm reduction in Cambodia and how the policy environment and harm reduction program implementation has intersected with the role of law enforcement officials in Cambodia. Introduction total number of drug users of around 500,000 [4] al- Cambodia is a country of about 14 million people, sharing though the non-injecting use of ATS would account land borders with Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam [1]. for the majority of this figure as ATS continues to be Despite recent economic growth, Cambodia remains one of the predominately used illicit drug in Cambodia [6]. the poorest countries in the region: the country’s GDP per While it is difficult to estimate the proportion of drug capita stood at $830 in 2010, and the proportion of people