insights into cancer mechanisms from genomic research on urological cancers洞察癌症机制从泌尿癌症基因组研究.pdfVIP

Schulz and Ribarska Genome Medicine 2011, 3:20 /content/3/3/20 R E S E A R C H H I G H L I G H T Insights into cancer mechanisms from genomic research on urological cancers Wolfgang A Schulz* and Teodora Ribarska factors but do not lead to a constitutively active state of Abstract the pathway [1]. Why these differences exist is an Molecular mechanisms driving cancer development intriguing question for cancer researchers and develop- and progression are rarely unique to one cancer mental biologists. type. Rather, recent genomic studies of urological In the past, many cancer mechanisms - such as the cancers suggest that common mechanisms recur with pivotal role of Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer - were variations. Examples include alterations in hypoxia discovered by elucidating the function of single genes, response regulation, epigenetic regulator proteins, and often in the course of studying rare inherited cancer signal transduction pathways in renal, prostatic and syndromes. Large-scale genomic techniques have opened urothelial carcinomas. Consideration of these variations up new ways to investigate cancer mechanisms, especially alongside the common basic cancer mechanisms in cancer types that are not associated with inherited might be important for the successful development of syndromes, which include the common cancers of the targeted therapies. prostate and the urinary bladder. Over the past decade,