positive psychology interventions a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies积极心理学干预一个荟萃分析的随机对照研究.pdfVIP

Bolier et al. BMC Public Health 2013, 13:119 /1471-2458/13/119 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Positive psychology interventions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies 1* 2 3 4,5 1,6 3 Linda Bolier , Merel Haverman , Gerben J Westerhof , Heleen Riper , Filip Smit and Ernst Bohlmeijer Abstract Background: The use of positive psychological interventions may be considered as a complementary strategy in mental health promotion and treatment. The present article constitutes a meta-analytical study of the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions for the general public and for individuals with specific psychosocial problems. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed, PsychInfo, the Cochrane register, and manual searches. Forty articles, describing 39 studies, totaling 6,139 participants, met the criteria for inclusion. The outcome measures used were subjective well-being, psychological well-being and depression. Positive psychology interventions included self-help interventions, group training and individual therapy. Results: The standardized mean difference was 0.34 for subjective well-being, 0.20 for psychological well-being and 0.23 for depression indicating small effects for positive psychology interventions. At follow-up from three to six months, effect sizes are small, but still significant for subjective well-being and psychological well-being, indicating that effects are fairly sustainable. Heterogeneity was rather high, due to the wide diversity of the studies included. Several variables moderated the impact on depression: Interventions were more effective if they were of longer duration, if recruitment was conducted via referral