raman spectroscopy cell-based biosensors拉曼光谱细胞生物传感器.pdfVIP

Sensors 2007, 7, 1343-1358 sensors ISSN 1424-8220 © 2007 by MDPI /sensors Review Raman Spectroscopy Cell-based Biosensors Ioan Notingher University of Nottingham, School of Physics and Astronomy, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.; E-mail: ioan.notingher@nottingham.ac.uk Received: 29 June 2007 / Accepted: 25 July 2007 / Published: 26 July 2007 Abstract: One of the main challenges faced by biodetection systems is the ability to detect and identify a large range of toxins at low concentrations and in short times. Cell-based biosensors rely on detecting changes in cell behaviour, metabolism, or induction of cell death following exposure of live cells to toxic agents. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for studying cellular biochemistry. Different toxic chemicals have different effects on living cells and induce different time-dependent biochemical changes related to cell death mechanisms. Cellular changes start with membrane receptor signalling leading to cytoplasmic shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation. The potential advantage of Raman spectroscopy cell-based systems is that they are not engineered to respond specifically to a single toxic agent but are free to react to many biologically active compounds. Raman spectroscopy biosensors can also provide additional information from the time-dependent changes of cellular biochemistry. Since no cell labe