regulation of chondrocyte gene expression by osteogenic protein-1调节软骨细胞成骨蛋白1基因表达.pdfVIP

Chubinskaya et al. Arthritis Research Therapy 2011, 13:R55 /content/13/2/R55 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Regulation of chondrocyte gene expression by osteogenic protein-1 1,2,3* 1 4 1,5 4 6 Susan Chubinskaya , Lori Otten , Stephan Soeder , Jeffrey A Borgia , Thomas Aigner , David C Rueger and Richard F Loeser7 Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate which genes are regulated by osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) in human articular chondrocytes using Affimetrix gene array, in order to understand the role of OP-1 in cartilage homeostasis. Methods: Chondrocytes enzymatically isolated from 12 normal ankle cartilage samples were cultured in high-density monolayers and either transfected with OP-1 antisense oligonucleotide in the presence of lipofectin or treated with recombinant OP-1 (100 ng/ml) for 48 hours followed by RNA isolation. Gene expression profiles were analyzed by HG-U133A gene chips from Affimetrix. A cut-off was chosen at 1.5-fold difference from controls. Selected gene array results were verified by real-time PCR and by in vitro measures of proteoglycan synthesis and signal transduction. Results: OP-1 controls cartilage homeostasis on multiple levels including regulation of genes responsible for chondrocyte cytoskeleton (cyclin D, Talin1, and Cyclin M1), matrix production, and other anabolic pathways (transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b)/ bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), genes responsible for bone formation, and so on) as well as regulation of cytokines, neuromediators, and various catabolic pathways responsible for matrix degradation and cell death.