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selective breeding for a behavioral trait changes digit ratio足趾率选择性繁殖的行为特性变化
Selective Breeding for a Behavioral Trait Changes Digit
Ratio
1 2 2 1 2
Reginia H. Y. Yan , Jessica L. Malisch , Robert M. Hannon , Peter L. Hurd *, Theodore Garland, Jr.
1 Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, 2 Department of Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United
States of America
Abstract
The ratio of the length of the second digit (index finger) divided by the fourth digit (ring finger) tends to be lower in men than
in women. This 2D:4D digit ratio is often used as a proxy for prenatal androgen exposure in studies of human health and
behavior. For example, 2D:4D ratio is lower (i.e. more ‘‘masculinized’’) in both men and women of greater physical fitness and/
or sporting ability. Lab mice have also shown variation in 2D:4D as a function of uterine environment, and mouse digit ratios
seem also to correlate with behavioral traits, including daily activity levels. Selective breeding for increased rates of voluntary
exercise (wheel running) in four lines of mice has caused correlated increases in aerobic exercise capacity, circulating
corticosterone level, and predatory aggression. Here, we show that this selection regime has also increased 2D:4D. This
apparent ‘‘feminization’’ in mice is opposite to the relationship seen between 2D:4D and physical fitness in human beings. The
present results are difficult to reconcile with the notion that 2D:4D is an effective proxy for prenatal androgen exposure;
instead, it may more accurately reflect effects of glucocorticoids, or other factors that regulate any of many genes.
Citation: Yan RHY, Malisch JL, Hannon RM, Hurd PL, Garland T Jr. (2008) Selective Breeding for a Behavioral Trait Chan
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