the artemisia l. genus a review of bioactive essential oils蒿属的生物活性精油的审查.pdfVIP

Molecules 2012, 17, 2542-2566; doi:10.3390/molecule OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Review The Artemisia L. Genus: A Review of Bioactive Essential Oils María José Abad *, Luis Miguel Bedoya, Luis Apaza and Paulina Bermejo Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: lmbedoya@farm.ucm.es (L.M.B.); luiz3apaz@ (L.A.); naber@farm.ucm.es (P.B.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: mjabad@farm.ucm.es; Tel.: +34-91-394-2276; Fax: +34-91-394-1726. Received: 20 December 2011; in revised form: 27 February 2012 / Accepted: 28 February 2012 / Published: 2 March 2012 Abstract: Numerous members of the Anthemideae tribe are important as cut flowers and ornamental crops, as well as being medicinal and aromatic plants, many of which produce essential oils used in folk and modern medicine and in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. Essential oils generally have a broad spectrum of bioactivity, owing to the presence of several active ingredients that work through various modes of action. Due to their mode of extraction, mostly by distillation from aromatic plants, they contain a variety of volatile molecules such as terpenes, phenol-derived aromatic and aliphatic components. The large genus Artemisia L., from the tribe Anthemideae, comprises important medicinal plants which are currently the subject of phytochemical attention due to their biological