the effect of carbon dioxide on near-death experiences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors a prospective observational study二氧化碳对濒死体验的影响在心脏按压心脏骤停幸存者前瞻性观察性研究.pdfVIP

Klemenc-Ketis et al. Critical Care 2010, 14:R56 /content/14/2/R56 RESEARCH Open Access The effect of carbon dioxide on near-death experiences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: a prospective observational study Zalika Klemenc-Ketis1,2*, Janko Kersnik1,2, Stefek Grmec1,2,3,4 Abstract Introduction: Near-death experiences (NDEs) are reported by 11-23% of cardiac arrest survivors. Several theories concerning the mechanisms of NDEs exist - including physical, psychological, and transcendental reasons - but so far none of these has satisfactorily explained this phenomenon. In this study, we investigated the effect of partial pressures of O and CO , and serum levels of Na and K on the occurrence of NDEs in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. 2 2 Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the three largest hospitals in Slovenia. Fifty-two consecutive patients (median age 53.1 years, 42 males) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were included. The presence of NDEs was assessed with a self-administered Greyson’s NDE scale. The initial partial pressure of end-tidal CO2, the arterial blood partial pressures of O2 and CO2 and the levels of Na and K in venous blood were analysed and studied. Univariate analyses and multiple regression models were used. Results: NDEs were reported by 11 (21.2%) of the patients. Patients with higher initial partial pressures of end-tidal CO2 had significantly more NDEs (P 0.01). Patients with higher arterial blood partial pressures of CO2 had significantly more NDEs (P = 0.041). Scores on a NDE scale were positively correlated with partial pressures of CO2 (P = 0.017) and with serum levels of potassium (P = 0.026). The logistic regression model for the presence of NDEs (P = 0.002) explained 46% of the variance and revea