the effect of climate fluctuation on chimpanzee birth sex ratio气候波动对黑猩猩出生性别比例的影响.pdfVIP

The Effect of Climate Fluctuation on Chimpanzee Birth Sex Ratio ¨ 1 2,3 1 4 1 Hjalmar S. Kuhl *, Antoine N’Guessan , Julia Riedel , Sonja Metzger , Tobias Deschner ´ ˆ 1 Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany, 2 Universite de Cocody, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire, 3 Centre Suisse de ˆ ˆ Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Cote-d’Ivoire, 4 Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany Abstract Climate and weather conditions, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation, precipitation and temperature influence the birth sex ratio (BSR) of various higher latitude species, including deer, elephant seals or northern human populations. Although, tropical regions show only little variation in temperature, climate and weather conditions can fluctuate with consequences for phenology and food resource availability. Here, we evaluate, whether the BSR of chimpanzees, inhabiting African tropical forests, is affected by climate fluctuations as well. Additionally, we evaluate, if variation in consumption of a key food resource with high nutritional value, Coula edulis nuts, is linked to both climate fluctuations and variation in BSR. We use ¨ ˆ long-term data from two study groups located in Taı National Park, Cote d’Ivoire to assess the influence of local weather