unstable maternal environment, separation anxiety, and heightened co2 sensitivity induced by gene-by-environment interplay孕产妇环境不稳定,分离焦虑,并加剧了二氧化碳的敏感性gene-by-environment相互作用引起的.pdfVIP

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unstable maternal environment, separation anxiety, and heightened co2 sensitivity induced by gene-by-environment interplay孕产妇环境不稳定,分离焦虑,并加剧了二氧化碳的敏感性gene-by-environment相互作用引起的.pdf

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unstable maternal environment, separation anxiety, and heightened co2 sensitivity induced by gene-by-environment interplay孕产妇环境不稳定,分离焦虑,并加剧了二氧化碳的敏感性gene-by-environment相互作用引起的

Unstable Maternal Environment, Separation Anxiety, and Heightened CO2 Sensitivity Induced by Gene-by- Environment Interplay 1 1. 2. 1 Francesca R. D’Amato , Claudio Zanettini , Valentina Lampis , Roberto Coccurello , Tiziana 3,4 3,5 3,4 2 2 Pascucci , Rossella Ventura , Stefano Puglisi-Allegra , Chiara A. M. Spatola , Paola Pesenti-Gritti , Diego Oddi1, Anna Moles1,6, Marco Battaglia2,7* 1 CNR, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, Roma, Italy, 2 Academic Centre for the Study of Behavioural Plasticity, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 3 Santa Lucia Foundation, European Centre for Brain Research (CERC), Rome, Italy, 4 Department of Psychology, University ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Rome, Italy, 5 Department of ` Biomedical Science and Technology, Universita dell’ Aquila, Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy, 6 Genomnia, Lainate, Italy, 7 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milan, Italy Abstract Background: In man, many different events implying childhood separation from caregivers/unstable parental environment are associated with heightened risk for panic disorder in adulthood. Twin data show that the occurrence of such events in childhood contributes to explaining the covariation between separation anxiety disorder, panic, and the related psychobiological trait of CO2 hypersensitivity. We hypothesized that early interference with infant-mother interaction could moderate the interspecific trait of response to CO2 through genetic control of se