virulence evolution of the human pathogen neisseria meningitidis by recombination in the core and accessory genome人类病原体的毒力进化脑膜炎奈瑟菌基因组重组的核心和配件.pdfVIP

Virulence Evolution of the Human Pathogen Neisseria meningitidis by Recombination in the Core and Accessory Genome 1. 2. 3 3 4 1,5 Biju Joseph , Roland F. Schwarz , Burkhard Linke , Jochen Blom , Anke Becker , Heike Claus , 3 1,5 ¨ 6 1,5 1 Alexander Goesmann , Matthias Frosch , Tobias Muller , Ulrich Vogel , Christoph Schoen * ¨ ¨ 1 Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany, 2 Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3 Center for Biotechnology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany, 4 Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, ¨ ¨ 5 National Reference Laboratory for Meningococci (NRZM), Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany, 6 Department of ¨ ¨ Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany Abstract Background: Neisseria meningitidis is a naturally transformable, facultative pathogen colonizing the human nasopharynx. Here, we analyze on a genome-wide level the impact of recombination on gene-complement diversity and virulence evolution in N. meningitidis. We combined comparative genome hybridization using microarrays (mCGH) and mul