原创力文档viruses life history towards a mechanistic basis of a trade-off between survival and reproduction among phages病毒对机械基础的生活史的噬菌体之间的生存和繁殖之间的权衡.pdfVIP
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viruses life history towards a mechanistic basis of a trade-off between survival and reproduction among phages病毒对机械基础的生活史的噬菌体之间的生存和繁殖之间的权衡
PLoS BIOLOGY
Viruses’ Life History: Towards a Mechanistic
Basis of a Trade-Off between Survival
and Reproduction among Phages
*
Marianne De Paepe, Franc¸ois Taddei
Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire, Evolutive et Medicale, University of Paris 5, INSERM, Paris, France
Life history theory accounts for variations in many traits involved in the reproduction and survival of living organisms,
by determining the constraints leading to trade-offs among these different traits. The main life history traits of
phages—viruses that infect bacteria—are the multiplication rate in the host, the survivorship of virions in the external
environment, and their mode of transmission. By comparing life history traits of 16 phages infecting the bacteria
Escherichia coli, we show that their mortality rate is constant with time and negatively correlated to their multiplication
rate in the bacterial host. Even though these viruses do not age, this result is in line with the trade-off between survival
and reproduction previously observed in numerous aging organisms. Furthermore, a multiple regression shows that
the combined effects of two physical parameters, namely, the capsid thickness and the density of the packaged
genome, account for 82% of the variation in the mortality rate. The correlations between life history traits and physical
characteristics of virions may provide a mechanistic explanation of this trade-off. The fact that this trade-off is present
in this very simple biological situation suggests that it might be a fundamental property of evolving entities produced
under constraints. Moreover, such a positive correlation between mortality and multiplication reveals an underex-
plored trade-off in host–parasite interactions.
Citation: De Paepe M, Taddei F (2006) Viruses’ life history: Towards a mechanistic basis of a trade-off between survival and reprod
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