virus-inspired design principles of nanoparticle-based bioagentsvirus-inspired设计原则的nanoparticle-based自然界.pdfVIP

Virus-Inspired Design Principles of Nanoparticle-Based Bioagents Hongyan Yuan, Changjin Huang, Sulin Zhang* Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America Abstract The highly effectiveness and robustness of receptor-mediated viral invasion of living cells shed lights on the biomimetic design of nanoparticle(NP)-based therapeutics. Through thermodynamic analysis, we elucidate that the mechanisms governing both the endocytic time of a single NP and the cellular uptake can be unified into a general energy-balance framework of NP-membrane adhesion and membrane deformation. Yet the NP-membrane adhesion strength is a globally variable quantity that effectively regulates the NP uptake rate. Our analysis shows that the uptake rate interrelatedly depends on the particle size and ligand density, in contrast to the widely reported size effect. Our model predicts that the optimal radius of NPs for maximal uptake rate falls in the range of 25–30 nm, and optimally several tens of ligands should be coated onto NPs. These findings are supported by both recent experiments and typical viral structures, and serve as fundamental principles for the rational design of NP-based nanomedicine. Citation: Yuan H, Huang C, Zhang S (2010) Virus-Inspired Design Principles of Nanoparticle-Based Bioagents. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13495. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0013495 Editor: Alfred Lewin, University of Florida, United States of America Received July 23, 2010; Accepted September 28, 2010; Published October 19, 2010 Copyright: 2010 Yuan et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the