出题处-江苏滨海中学.PPT

完形填空,阅读理解命题技巧探讨 滨海中学 魏海洋 完形填空考试背景 1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于格式塔心理学，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读的语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。我国1987全国高考英语引用该题型。 （4） 动手动脚：干扰项通过增加、改变或去掉限定词，扩大或缩小语言范围 因此，从以上2个菱形我们可以得出结论，一般文章的主题段往往出现在首末段。同理，段落的主题句出现在该段的首末句。 作为文章或者段落大意提纲挈领的概括，首末段和每段的首末句经常被作为高考阅读题设题的出处，而且大多是考查对文章或段落主旨的理解。 2013山东卷B篇第二段 Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way — from jazz to country. 　　61. Many of Gershwin’s musical works were ________ . 　　A. written about New Yorkers 　　B. Composed for Paul Whiteman 　　C. played mainly in the countryside 　　D. performed in various ways 　　解析：选D。 转折出题处： 作者常常会借用转折连词或副词来引出某项重要的事实或观点，转折词之后的内容往往表达的是作者写作的真实目的、观点或态度，而这又常常是文章中心关键所在，因此命题者会围绕这些地方出题。常见的表示转折关系的连词或副词除了however, but, yet以外，还有 or，nevertheless, while ,though, although, at the same time等。另外值得注意的是， indeed, in fact, practically也常常用来表示前后语义的转折。 2013年上海 C篇第二段 In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all—one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough. We find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degree. They refuse to do what they think “low” work, and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor. We can live without education, but we die if we have no food.If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses，we should get terrible diseases in our towns. 　　64. The writer of