雪旺细胞构建人工神经在大鼠长段 神经缺损中修复作用探究.docVIP

雪旺细胞构建人工神经在大鼠长段 神经缺损中修复作用探究 　【摘要】 研究雪旺细胞与PLGA构成的组织工程化人工神经修复大鼠周围神经缺损的效果。［方法］将雪旺细胞接种在内置polyglactin 910纤维的PLGA中空管，构建成组织工程人工神经。将60只SD大鼠随机分3组，每组20只，建立大鼠坐骨神经缺损20 mm的动物模型。A组用切下的自体神经段原位缝合，B组使用雪旺细胞组织工程人工神经进行修复，C组用未接种雪旺细胞的PLGA中空管进行修复。术后8、12周使用神经电生理和组织学观察分别进行效果评价。［结果］在大体观察、组织学观察中，B组的恢复表现与A组相近。在神经电生理检测、小腿三头肌肌肉重量测定、桥接物横切面神经纤维数量测定的结果分析中B组略低于A组但明显高于C组。B组大鼠桥接段远端辣根过氧化酶示踪后在脊髓前角可以看到被标记的神经元。透射电镜可见B组桥接物中段大量的再生神经纤维。［结论］用雪旺细胞和PLGA构建组织工程人工神经修复大鼠外周神经缺损，可以修复20 mm的长段周围神经缺损，并可获得接近于大鼠自体神经修复的效果。 【关键词】 人工神经 长段缺损 神经修复 Abstract：［Objective］To study the effect of repairing of rat peripheral nerve defect with engineering artificial nerve composed with Schwann cells and poly lactic glycoli aced(PLGA). ［Method］Human Schwann cells were vaccinated into PLGA tube with polyglactin 910. Sixty SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly with 20 rats in each one: group A, self-nerve graft; group B, Schwann cells artificial nerve; group C, pure PLGA. Evaluations of electrophysiological and histological examines were carried out 8 weeks ad 12 weeks after operation.［Result］The outcome of group B showed similar to group A in general and histological study, however it expressed slightly lower in electrophysiological study, muscle weight and nerve fiber quantity. Marked neuron could be found in spinal cord after group B had been traced. Large number of regeneration nerve fibers could be seen from electron microscope.［Conclusion］The tissue engineering artificial nerve composed with Schwann cells is able to repair 20 mm defects of peripheral nerve, and it has an approximate treatment effect to the self-nerve grafting. Key words：artificial nerve; long defect; nerve regeneration 人工神经是由支架材料和种子细胞、细胞外基质以及诱导和促进生长的因子等几部分组成的有机统一体，在外周神经损伤修复中有重要的研究意义。雪旺细胞(Schwann cell)是其中最重要的种子细胞。经培养和纯化后的雪旺细胞在支架内类似于Bungner带样有序分布，并且分泌多种神经营养因子，支持引导轴突的再生，是提高修复神经缺损效果的关键［1,2］。目前国内外多用新生鼠、兔等动物的周围神经原代培养雪旺细胞构建人工神经。本实验采用内置polyglactin 910的聚羟基乙酸-聚乳酸(PLGA)导管制备三维多孔支架，通过接种人胚雪旺细胞，经体外诱导培养，构建人工神经，并桥接于大鼠坐骨神经缺损处，与自体神经移植作对照，研究并评估其对大鼠外周神经修复的效果。 1 材料与方法 1.1 主要试