欠发达地区高职教育对地方经济发展的影响的分析研究.pdf

摘 要 高职教育与地方经济发展二者相互影响、相互推动，存在着密切的联系。一 方面，高职教育是地方经济发展的助推器；另一方面，地方经济发展催化高职教 育体系变迁。高职教育首先在美国、日本、德国、英国等发达国家兴起，为发达 国家的经济发展做出了巨大的贡献。一些发展中国与我国有着类似的经济发展背 景，这些国家在高等职业教育与地方经济协调发展的问题上同样也有很多成功的 经验。这些经验对中国高等职业教育的改革和发展有重要的借鉴意义。 当前，我国高职教育处于高速发展阶段，但总体上是以数量为主的外延式粗 放型发展，经济发达地区与经济欠发达地区高职院校发展是不平衡的。欠发达地 区高职院校大多地处边远地区，地方经济发展相对滞后，学校发展受地域等各种 因素的制约，存在着办学经费严重不足、师资队伍总体素质较低、招生就业渠道 不畅、综合办学能力不强等问题。受高职院校自身及其外部社会环境的影响， 我国欠发达地区高职教育在专业设置、教学模式、教学计划、课程设置等方面 存在与地方经济发展失调的现象，这已成为制约欠发达地区经济发展的重要原 因之一。 借鉴国外成功经验，通过以地方经济特色为导向，推动发达地区与欠发达地 区高职教育的跨区域联合，跨越式发展欠发达地区高职教育，推动高职教育人才 培养模式与地方经济发展模式协调发展，最终实现欠发达地区经济跨越式发展。 关键词：高职教育；欠发达地区；经济发展 I Abstract Higher vocational education and local economic development influence each other, promote each other, therefore, there is a closer relation between them. On the one hand, higher education is a booster for the local economic development. On the other hand, local economic development promotes the change of the system of higher vocational education. Higher vocational education firstly rise in the developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany and the U.K, and it has made tremendous contributions to the economic development of developed countries. Some developing countries have a similar economic development background as China, they also have a lot of successful experiences on the issues of higher education and economic coordinated development. These experiences have an important reference to China’s higher vocational education reform and development. Currently, Chinas vocational education is in the stage of high-speed development, but on the whole it is still a Volume-based extensive development, and the higher vocational education development is unbalanced between the ec