the pathogenesis of rift valley fever裂谷热的发病机理.pdfVIP

Viruses 2011, 3, 493-519; doi:10.3390/v3050493 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review The Pathogenesis of Rift Valley Fever Tetsuro Ikegami 1,3,4,* and Shinji Makino 2,3,4 1 Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd. Galveston, TX 77555, USA 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd. Galveston, TX 77555, USA; E-Mail: shmakino@ 3 The Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd. Galveston, TX 77555, USA 4 The Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd. Galveston, TX 77555, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: teikegam@; Tel.: +1-409-772-2563; Fax: +1-409-747-1763. Received: 31 March 2011; in revised form: 26 April 2011 / Accepted: 2 May 2011 / Published: 6 May 2011 Abstract: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging zoonotic disease distributed in sub-Saharan African countries and the Arabian Peninsula. The disease is caused by the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) of the family Bunyaviridae and the genus Phlebovirus . The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, and virus replication in domestic ruminant results in high rates of mortality and abortion. RVFV infection in humans usually causes a self-limiting, acute and febrile illness; however, a smal