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生物必修一第五章知识(Biology requires one or fifth chapters)
生物必修一第五章知识(Biology requires one or fifth chapters)
Biology requires one or fifth chapters
1. enzyme essence:
A group of organic compounds produced by living cells that catalyze. Most are proteins, and few are RNA
Enzyme action: catalytic action (lowering the activation energy of chemical reaction)
Producing sites: ribosomes in living cells; sites of action: intracellular and extracellular
Enzyme characteristics: (1) high efficiency, specificity, mild action conditions (suitable temperature and suitable PH)
2. factors affecting enzyme activity: temperature, pH
Factors affecting the enzymatic reaction are temperature, pH, reactant concentration, etc.
3., high temperature, over acid, alkali will make the enzyme lose its activity, low temperature will reduce the activity of enzymes.
ATP, 4.ATP
Structure brief: A - P to P to P, A means adenosine,
P stands for phosphoric acid, which means high energy phosphate bond
The reaction of conversion between 5.ATP and ADP: ADP+Pi energy, ATP
ATP hydrolysis energy source: high-energy phosphate cleavage break from adenosine
Energy whereabouts: used in various life activities (e.g., active transport of cells, electricity generation, and luminescence),
Contraction of muscle cells, various energy absorption reactions in the cell, brain thinking, etc.
ATP synthetic energy source: (animal) the chemical energy released by respiration and creatine phosphate hydrolysis
(plant) the chemical energy released by the oxidation, decomposition and release of organic matter in respiration and the absorption and transformation of solar energy in photosynthesis
Energy whereabouts: stored in high-energy phosphate bonds far from adenosine in ATP
Six
Detection of carbon dioxide and alcohol in the way yeast cells breathe:
CO2 test: clear lime water (cloudy) or bromine thymol blue water solution (from blue to green and yellow again)
Alcohol test: Orange potassium dichromate solution chemically react with alcohol in acid conditions and turn to grayish gree
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