生物必修三（Biology required three）.doc

生物必修三（Biology required three） [high] [biological] required three [summary] Chapter 1: the internal environment and homeostasis of human body 1 body fluid: the body contains a large number of water based objects. Intracellular fluid (2/3) Humoral extracellular fluid (1/3): plasma, lymph, tissue fluid, etc. 2, the relationship between body fluids: plasma Intracellular fluid, tissue, lymph 3. Internal environment: a liquid environment composed of extracellular fluid. Internal environment: a medium for the exchange of cells with the external environment. 4, the composition and content of tissue fluid and lymph are similar to that of plasma, but not the same, the most important difference Its not that the plasma contains more protein, but the protein in the tissue fluid and lymph is less 5, the physical and chemical properties of extracellular fluid: osmotic pressure, pH, temperature. 6, plasma pH: 7.35---7.45 Regulated reagent: buffer solution: NaHCO3/H2CO3, Na2HPO4/, NaH2PO4 7. The normal osmotic pressure of human extracellular fluid: 770kPa, normal temperature: 37 degrees 8, steady state: normal body through regulating role, make all organs and systems coordinate activities, common maintenance A relatively stable state of the environment. Homeostasis refers to the internal environment in which the constituents and physicochemical properties are in dynamic equilibrium 9, the steady state regulation: neurohumor immune regulating The significance of internal environmental homeostasis: homeostasis is a necessary condition for the organism to perform normal life activities The second chapter: the adjustment of animal and human life activities 1, the basic way of neuromodulation: reflex The structural basis of neuromodulation: reflex arc Reflex arc: receptor, afferent nerve (ganglion), nerve center, efferent nerve, effector (including muscle and gland) Bidirectional conduction on the nerve fiber; resting time; positive external negative Resting potential, stimulation, actio