生物反应工程教学课件-Bioprocess Engineering Lesson-9.pptVIP

Part IVBioreactor Engineering Chapter 10 Ideal Bioreactors There are two kinds of ideal bioreactors. One is perfectly mixed bioreactor, including batch, fed-batch and continuous operated bioreactors; and the other plug flow bioreactor. By definition, there is no any gradient, including concentration, temperature, etc. existing within perfectly mixed bioreactor. Usually, small scale stirred vessels which are used for low viscosity cell culture or fermentation systems can be listed into this category. Conversely, the flow of biofluid through the plug flow bioreactor is completely orderly without any element of biofluid overtaking or mixing with any other element ahead or behind, the residence time for all material is the same. Usually, some tubular enzyme bioreactor when operated at relatively high flow rate can be listed into this category. 10.1 Batch Operation of Perfectly Mixed Bioreactors 10.1.1 Enzyme Reaction General Mass Balance: Mass Balance for batch enzyme catalytic reaction Usually, V is constant, so we have: Integrating: For initial condition S = S0 at t = 0: Enzymes are subject to deativation. Thus, the concentration of active enzyme in the reactor, and therefore the value of ?max, may change during reaction. When deactivation is significant, variation of ?max with time can be expressed by: Therefore, Separating variables gives: with initial condition S = S0 at t = 0, 10.1.2 Cell Cultures Similarly to the analysis for enzyme catalytic reaction, we have: For V constant, The initial condition x = x0 at t = 0, we have: or If the rate of cell death is negligible, we have: and Mass balance for limiting substrate: If ? = ?max and V constant: and If no product is formed or if production is directly linked with energy metabolism, we have: If maintenance requirements can also be neglected: Mass balance for product: If cell death is negligible and V constant, If ?P is also constant, and with the initial con