某社区肥胖及非肥胖成人饮食现况及影响因素分析.docVIP

某社区肥胖及非肥胖成人饮食现况及影响因素分析 　 作者：沈敏，王振林，王春燕，青卿，翟少丽，谭婷宇 【摘要】 目的：了解某社区成人单纯性肥胖状况和肥胖、非肥胖成人的膳食构成及影响因素，为社区开展营养健康教育防治肥胖提供科学依据。方法：将西安市某社区BMI(体质指数)≥25的成人114人为肥胖组，其余18.5≤BMI＜25的成人332人为非肥胖组，对两组进行营养健康行为问卷调查、膳食调查和体重、身高、血脂谱检测。结果：肥胖组和非肥胖组成人饮食均存在不合理，蔬菜、水果、鱼虾摄入量均少于推荐量，植物油摄入量高于推荐量。脂肪占热能总量的热比相对偏高。营养素中维生素C、Se、维生素B2、Zn摄入少于DRIs的80%，Ca、维生素A不足DRIs的60%。肥胖组的饮食不如非肥胖组合理。肥胖的危险因素分析显示年龄、运动为保护性因素，食用主食和食用菜油多为危险因素。结论：应当重视社区肥胖和非肥胖人群的饮食结构，均进行营养健康教育从而控制和预防肥胖。 【关键词】 肥胖；非肥胖成人；饮食；影响因素 　　The Survey of Dietary Status and Risk Factors Among Fat and Nonfat Adult in Community　　 　　Abstract: Objective Explore current obesity prevalence ,and dietary formation and its influencing factors among fat and nonfat adult in xian community, and provide information for nutrition education in community. Methods The subjects investigated were divided two groups: the fat group had 114 obesity adults (BMI≥25)and the nonfat group had 332 health adults (18.5≤BMI＜25). They were surveyed with nutritional behave questionnaire and dietary survey, checked and measured weight ,stature and level of serum lipids. Results There existed some irrationality of the dietary formation of two groups. The ingestion of vegetable, fruit and cereal all were lower than reference nutrient intake (RNI); plant oil were more. The thermic rate provided by fat in energy proportion was relatively higher. Some nutrients were deficient, such as Vc、Se、Ca、VitA et al. Diet of fat adult was irrational than nonfat adult. Accessing damage factor showed: age and exercise were protect factors; eating more cereal and plant oil were risk factors. Conclusion Should value dietary formation among fat and nonfat adult in community. They all should accept nutritional education programs for controlling the fat occurrence. Key words: Fat; Nonfat; Diet; Risk factors 随着经济发展，人们生活水平的提高，肥胖已成为全球普遍的现象和影响人类健康的重大公共卫生问题。人们生活方式的改变，尤其是膳食结构的改变，出现了肥胖和膳食相关慢性病的急剧上升，研究显示肥胖与冠心病、糖尿病等心脑血管疾病的密切相关［1］。研究表明影响健康四大因素中，行为或生活方式占30%以上，在行为或生活方式中饮食又占较大比重［2］。因此在社区了解肥胖成人和非肥胖成人的膳食结构、营养状况及影响因素有重要意义，为指导社区