气动机械手模仿人手和臂的某些动作功能设计【毕业论文+CAD图纸全套】.doc

摘 要 气动机械手是能模仿人手和臂的某些动作功能，用以按固定程序抓取、搬运物件或操作工具的自动操作装置。它可代替人的繁重劳动以实现生产的机械化和自动化，能在有害环境下操作以保护人身安全，因而广泛应用于机械制造、冶金、电子、轻工和原子能等部门。 本文简要介绍了工业机器人的概念，机械手的组成和分类，机械手的自由度和坐标形式，气动技术的特点，PLC控制的特点及国内外的发展状况。 本文主要进行了气动机械手的总体结构设计和气动设计。机械手的机械结构由气缸、气爪和连接件组成，可按预定轨迹运动，实现对工件的抓取、搬运和卸载。气动部分的设计主要是选择合适的控制阀，设计合理的气动控制回路，通过控制和调节各个气缸压缩空气的压力、流量和方向来使气动执行机构获得必要的力、动作速度和改变运动方向，并按规定的程序工作。 设计出了机械手的气动系统，绘制了机械手气压系统工作原理图，对气压系统工作原理图的参数化绘制进行了研究，大大提高了绘图效率和图纸质量。 关键词： 工业机器人；机械手；气动 ABSTRACT Pneumatic manipulator is a automated devices that can mimic the human hand and arm movements to do something，aslo can according to a fixed procedure to moving objects or control tools. It can replace the heavy labor in order to achieve the production mechanization and automation, and can work in dangerous working environments to protect the personal safety, Therefore widely used in machine building, metallurgy, electronics, light industry and atomic energy sectors. At first, the paper introduces the conception of the industrial robot and the eler. dary information of the development briefly . What’s more, the paper accounts for the background and the primary mission of the topic. This article is mainly of the pneumatic manipulator the overall design, and pneumatic design. This mechanism of manipulator includes cylinders and claws and connectors parts, it can move according to the due track on the movement of grabbing, carrying and unloading. The pneumatic part of the design is primarily to choose the right valves and design a reasonable pneumatic control loop, by controlling and regulating pressure, flow and direction of the compressed air to make it get the necessary strength, speed and changed the direction of movement in the prescribed procedure work This paper designs the structure of the wrist , computes the needed moment of the drive when the wrist wheels and the moment of the drive of the pump.The paper designs the structure of the arm. .Keywords： industrial robot； manipulator ； pump。 　　　　　　　　　 目 录 1 绪论1.1机械手概述1 1.2