量变引起质变（Quantitative cause a qualitative change）.docVIP

量变引起质变（Quantitative cause a qualitative change） Two kinds of material interaction, on the one hand, the amount of change caused by change of the quality of the product, or is due to the different adding order of drugs and lead to different results, or with increasing reaction time, acid concentration changed, the product has changed, the instance of It is often seen. in chemistry, frequent in the college entrance examination. In order to better grasp the characteristics of this kind of reaction, we will according to the chemical reaction metathesis reaction, redox reaction and complex reaction, hydrolysis reaction, substitution reaction, addition reaction type 59 will cause qualitative change in chemical reaction are divided into eleven types, as follows: Redox type 1. The reaction of sodium (a small amount, excess) to oxygen 2Na+O2, Na2O2, Na2O2+2Na=2Na2O, 4Na+O2, =2Na2O 2, carbon (small, excessive) reaction with oxygen C+O2, CO2, CO2+C2CO, 2C+O2, 2CO Note: when oxygen is not enough, carbon combustion generates carbon monoxide, which can cause gas poisoning. 3, carbon and oxygen (small, excessive) reaction 2C+O2, 2CO, 2CO+O2, 2CO2, C+O2, 2CO2 4, the reaction of silica with coke (a small amount of excess) SiO2+2C Si+2CO = Si+C SiC SiO2+3C = +SiC 2CO Note: when making crude silicon, we must control the amount of coke, otherwise we can not get coarse silicon, and get silicon carbide. 5, red phosphorus and chlorine (small, excessive) reaction 2P+3Cl2 2PCl3 PCl3+Cl2=PCl5 Attention: the phenomenon that the experiment sees is: white smoke, smoke composition is PCl5, fog composition is PCl3. 6, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen (small, excessive) reaction 2H2S+O2 2S+2H2O S+O2SO2 2H2S+3O2 2 SO2+2H2O Note: H2S is toxic and the combustion product SO2 is toxic and can not be used to treat H2S exhaust gas by combustion. 7, hydrogen sulfide (small, excessive) and oxygen reaction 2H2S+3O2, 2SO2+2H2O, SO2+2H2S=3S+2H2O, 2H2S+O2, 2S+2H2O 8. Reaction of sulfur (small amount, excess) with c