药理1（Pharmacology 1）.docVIP

药理1（Pharmacology 1） The sixth chapter is choline receptor agonist M receptor agonist, pilocarpine (pilocarpine, pilocarpine) anti cholinesterase drugs (reversible): neostigmine (neostigmine, prostigmine) physostigmine Pharmacological action: 1 eye: excited pupillary miosis. 2 reduce intraocular pressure: the iris pulls toward the center, the root becomes thinner, the space of the anterior chamber of the horn becomes larger, and it is easy for the aqueous humor to enter the scleral venous sinus circulation. 3: adjust spasm of the ciliary muscle contraction, ligament relaxation, lens thickening, increased diopter, near vision clear, far blurred Glands: increased secretion of sweat glands and salivary glands. 1 excitatory skeletal muscle: inhibit AchE, increase acetylcholine, excited N-R; direct activation of the skeletal muscle motor endplate N2R; promote the release of acetylcholine in motor nerve endings; 2 excitatory gastrointestinal and bladder smooth muscle; 3 slow your heart rate; 4, it is weak in cardiovascular, gland, eye and bronchial smooth muscle Clinical application of glaucoma (lowering intraocular pressure); iritis (combined with mydriatic drugs to prevent adhesion of iris and lens) myasthenia gravis; postoperative abdominal distention, urinary retention; supraventricular tachycardia; detoxification of muscle relaxants (tubocurarine); false myopia and juvenile glaucoma Adverse reactions gastrointestinal reactions: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; The sweat gland secretion, salivation, asthma; Blurred vision, eye pain, headache. 1 abdominal pain, sweating, increased saliva, muscle tremors, aggravation of muscle weakness; 2 cholinergic crisis: too large a dose of neuromuscular junction to block the receptor action; Disable in: intestinal obstruction, urinary tract obstruction, bronchial asthma Difficult to reverse: organophosphorus pesticides Poisoning treatment principle: 1, quickly eliminate poison, avoid continue to absorb 2 symptomatic treatment, alleviate