高考物理学、生物学史（Physical and biological history of college entrance examination）.docVIP

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高考物理学、生物学史（Physical and biological history of college entrance examination）.doc

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高考物理学、生物学史（Physical and biological history of college entrance examination）

高考物理学、生物学史（Physical and biological history of college entrance examination） I. mechanics: 1, 1638, Galileo in the Italy physicist two new scientific dialogue in scientific reasoning, heavy objects and light objects fall as fast; and two different quality of the ball drop experiment in Leaning Tower of Pisa, that his view is correct, the overthrow of the ancient Greek scholar Aristotles view (i.e. the quality of the ball fall faster is wrong); In 2 and 1654, the German city of Fort Fort made a sensational experiment - the Heidelberg hemispheric experiment; In 3 and 1687, British scientist Newton put forward three laws of motion in the book the mathematical principles of natural philosophy (Newtons three laws of motion). 4, seventeenth Century, Galileo through an ideal experiment idea pointed out: moving objects in the horizontal plane without friction, will maintain this speed keep on moving; the conclusion is: the force change causes the motion of the object, the overthrow of Aristotles point of view: force is the reason of maintaining the motion of an object. Contemporary French physicist Descartes further pointed out that if there were no other reason, the moving object would continue to move in a straight line at the same speed, neither stopping nor deviating from its original direction. 5 and early twentieth Century, quantum mechanics and Einsteins special theory of relativity showed that classical mechanics does not apply to microscopic particles and high-speed moving objects. In 6 and 1638, Galileo studied the projectile motion in detail in the book dialogue of two new science, using the method of observation hypothesis and mathematical reasoning. 7 people, according to the daily observation and experience, put forward the geocentric, the ancient Greek scientist Ptolemy is a representative; Poland astronomer Copernicus proposed a heliocentric geocentric , bold retort. In 8 and seventeenth Century, Kepler, a German astronomer, proposed Keplers three laws; 9, th