北镇-满族文化史（Beizhen Manchu cultural history）.docVIP

北镇-满族文化史（Beizhen Manchu cultural history） The citys existing population of 530 thousand, a total of more than 158000 households, including urban resident population of about 300000 people, the city has full, Han, back to the 9 ethnic groups, of which 327 thousand Manchu, accounting for 62.4% of the citys total population. Beizhen Manchu Manchus have a long history. The Shang and Zhou period Sushen people. The Han Dynasty Three Kingdoms period called Yi Lou, Wu Ji in the northern and Southern Dynasties, song, Liao, yuan and Ming Dynasties called jurchen. Ming Wanli twenty-three years (1595), the letter of the Jurchen leader Nur Ha Che as the dragon and tiger generals. Since then, Nur Ha Che began to unify Jurchen departments of war. In order to facilitate the March and hunting, Nur Ha Che decided to rectify the organization, where 300 people for an ox record, the leader said cattle recorded true. That is, the meaning of the arrow, and later renamed the collar. Bootman registered as an a la leader, said the amount of a la really, later renamed Shen collar. Five armour calls a firm mountain, the leader says solid mountain amount really, change afterwards all system. In 1601, Nur Ha Che established four solid mountain, each with a solid solid mountain flag as a symbol, its color is yellow, blue, red, white four colors, known as the four flags. In 1615, increased to four flags, the original four colors with red flag, red flag with a white border, called with red, with a white, with blue, yellow. This flag called the Eight Banners and four. Ming Wanli forty-four years (1616) Nur Ha Che unified Nuzhen ministries, the establishment of Jin (known as Jin), claiming khan. 1626. The death of Nur Ha Che, his son Huangtaiji Khan inherit. In 1635, the official name is James Huangtaiji Jurchen Manchuria, so called Manchuria eight banners organization. In 1636, he changed the name as Qing emperor. Tianqi two years (1622), Guangning for the people of Manchuria have been captured, fro