果实(种子)化学防御与食果实动物的适应对策-生态学杂志.PDF

Chin s Journal of Ecology 2005, 24( 5) : 567~ 572 ( ) * 鲁长虎 ( 南京林业大学, 南京210037) ( ) , , ( ) ( ) , ; , , , , ( ) , , SS , FL 3 ( ) ( ) , , , Q95812 A 1000- 4890( 2005) 05- 0567- 06 Chemical defense of fruits ( seeds) and the adaptive strategies of frugivorous animals. LU Changhu ( Nan j ing Forestry University, Nanj ing 2 10037, China) . Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2005, 24( 5) : 567~ 572. S d plants should prot ct th fruits and s ds from pr dating by frugivor s w h n fruits b com rip , and dis p rs th s ds to th habitat suitabl for s d g rmination. Th plants w hich r ly on frugivor s to finish s d disp rsal ar call d animaldisp rs d plants. Ch mical d f n of fruits ( s ds) is an important w ay for plants to avoid s d pr dators. Various s condary substanc s xist in fruits and s ds including alkaloid, cyanog nic gly cosid , t rp noid, and ph nolic tc, with th cont nt vari d during t h grow th p riod of fruits. S condary sub stanc s can d f ns th frugivor s w ith g n ral toxicity to both s d disp rs rs and s d pr dators. T h pulp s condary substanc can influ nc th disp rsing ffici ncy by m ans of changing guts r t ntion tim acting as lax ativ s. Th production of s condary substanc s not only d p nds on th nvironm nt factors of plants, but has som r lationship wit h fruits quality . In t mp rat zon , cont nt of s condary substanc s is low in summ r smalls d d ( SS) fruits, whil high in fall lowquality ( FL) fruits. Frugivor s can adjust t h ir foraging b hav ior, or g t sp cial substanc from th nvironm nt or nough nutri