芯包层结构玻璃微纳光纤的模拟、设计和制备（Simulation, design and fabrication of glass micro micro fiber with core cladding structure）.pdfVIP

摘要 微纳光纤 （也称亚波长直径光纤）与传统的单模光纤相比，具有小尺寸、低光学损耗、 大比例倏逝波传输、大波导色散和易于弯曲等特性，在光纤通信、光纤传感和非线性光学等 领域具有广泛的应用价值。目前微纳光纤的制备主要采用两步尖端拉伸法、化学合成法和激 光烧蚀法等，光纤无包层且长度短，难以实现规模化生产。因此，研制一种既具有纳米芯径 和包层结构、又可以大规模拉制的超长玻璃微纳光纤具有重要的意义。因此本文从理论和实 验两方面对芯/包层结构玻璃微纳光纤进行了研究。 理论部分，通过模型仿真和数值分析建立光纤设计模型，根据光波导理论，分析了微纳 光纤的单模和波导特性。结果表明亚波长量级芯径的微纳光纤，在比较大的纤芯和包层折射 率差时仍可实现单模工作，但是太大的纤芯和包层的折射率差会缩小芯径的可选范围，因此 合适的芯包层折射率差对微纳光纤的波导传输非常重要；且随着纤芯直径的减小，微纳光纤 中越来越多的能量以倏逝波的形式扩散到包层中。 实验部分，通过高温熔炼法，制备了用于拉制芯/包层结构玻璃微纳光纤的磷酸盐玻璃芯 料和掺镱磷酸盐玻璃包层料。然后对芯/包层结构玻璃微纳光纤的预制棒、光纤拉制，端面切 割及磨抛工艺等进行了研究。并给出使用套管法和多步拉伸法制备芯/包层结构玻璃微纳光纤 的设计方案。 关键词: 玻璃微纳光纤，纳米芯径，倏逝波，套管法，多步拉伸法 Abstract Compared with traditional optical fibers, micro/nanofibers (MNFs), also called sub-wavelength diameter fibers, exhibit a series of interesting properties, including small sizes, low optical loss, large mode area evanescent wave, large wave dispersions, being bended easily and so on, which have wide applications in fiber communication, fiber sensing, and nonlinear optics. At present, the methods to fabricate MNFs mainly include two steps tip stretching, chemical synthesis and laser ablation, while those fibers have no cladding and are too short to realize large-scale production. Therefore, it is significant to research on ultra-long glass MNFs which not only have the structure of nanocore and protective cladding, but also can be drew wholesale. So the aim in this paper is to design and fabricate glass MNFs with nanocore and cladding structure in theory and experiment section. In theory section, it is studied that the single mode and optical waveguiding characteristics, through the model simulation and numerical analysis. The results show that the subwavelength core of MNFs can keep the sing