农田土壤紧实的发生影响及其改良-生态学杂志.PDFVIP

生态学杂志ChineseJournal of Ecology摇 2010,29(10):2057-2064 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 农农田土壤紧实的发生、影响及其改良* 石彦琴摇 陈源泉摇 隋摇 鹏摇 聂紫瑾摇 高旺盛** (中国农业大学循环农业研究中心,北京 100193) 摘摇 要摇 土壤紧实是影响农田土壤质量和作物生长的关键障碍因子之一,是当前土壤功能 及农田生态健康研究领域的重点。 本文分析了近年来国内外关于土壤紧实的发生原因、影 响因素、改良措施的研究进展。 除农业机械以外,耕作制度和水肥管理对紧实的影响也不 可忽视,此外,各因素的影响程度会随时空而变化。 在综合分析已有研究的基础上,就目前 土壤紧实研究中亟待解决的问题进行了探讨,认为今后应加强以下几方面的研究:1)从分 子方面探讨抗紧实作物的遗传机理;2)田间可视化评价结合模型研究紧实下土壤鄄作物的 变化过程;3)深入探讨土壤紧实的改良措施,为今后农田健康的相关研究提供参考。 关键词摇 土壤紧实度;土壤质量;生态健康;土壤改良 中图分类号摇 S15摇 文献标识码摇 A摇 文章编号摇 1000-4890(2010)10-2057-08 Cropland soil compaction:Its causes,influences,and improvement. SHI Yan鄄qin,CHEN Yuan鄄quan,SUI Peng,NIE Zi鄄jin,GAO Wang鄄sheng (Circular Agriculture Research Center, ChinaAgricultural University,Beijing 100193, China). Chinese Journal of Ecology,2010,29 (10):2057-2064. Abstract:Soil compaction is one of the key barriers impacting cropland soil quality and crop growth,and the major concern in the researches of soil functioning and cropland ecosystem health. Thispaperreviewedtheresearchprogressrelatedtothecauses,influences,andimprove鄄 ment measuresof soilcompaction. Inconsideringtheaffectingfactorsof soilcompaction,farming systemandwater andfertilizer management shouldnotbeignored,besidesagricultural machiner鄄 y. In addition,the influences of the above factors on soil compaction often changed temporally and spatially. Based on the comprehensive analysis of related researches,some problems to be solved in the research of soil compaction were discussed. It was considered that more attention should bepaidontheresearchesof (1)geneticmechanismsof cropresistanceto soi