基于高通量测序的植物群体基因组学研究进展_王云生.pdfVIP

遗传 Hereditas (Beijing) 2016 8 , 38(8): 688 ―699 综 述 基于高通量测序的植物群体基因组学研究进展 王云生 凯里学院环境与生命科学学院，凯里 556011 作为群体遗传学一种新的表现形式，群体基因组学是将基因组概念和技术与群体遗传学理论体系相结 合，通过覆盖全基因组范围内的多态位点的分布式样推测位点特异性效应和全基因组效应，从而提升人们对微 进化的理解。近年来，随着第二代高通量测序技术的出现和改进，完成基因组测序的植物种类迅速增加，大规 模的重测序也随之开展。与此同时，在一些尚未完成基因组测序的植物物种中，也开展了一些平行测序。这些 重测序和平行测序极大地促进了群体基因组学的发展，加深了人们对相关植物种群在基因组水平上的遗传多样 性、连锁不平衡水平、选择作用、群体历史及复杂性状的分子机理等群体基因组学方面的认识。本文简要介绍 了群体基因组学的概念、研究方法等，重点综述了基于高通量测序的植物群体基因组学的研究动态，展望了植 物群体基因组学的发展前景并讨论了存在的问题，以期为相关研究提供借鉴和参考。 基因组学；重测序；平行测序；植物；群体遗传学 Research progress of plant population genomics based on high-throughput sequencing Yunsheng Wang College of Envieonment and Life Science, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China Abstract : Population genomics, a new paradigm for population genetics, combine the concepts and techniques of ge- nomics with the theoretical system of population genetics and improve our understanding of microevolution through identi- fication of site-specific effect and genome-wide effects using genome-wide polymorphic sites genotypeing. With the ap- pearance and improvement of the next generation high-throughput sequencing technology, the numbers of plant species with complete genome sequences increased rapidly and large scale resequencing has also been carried out in recent years. Parallel sequencing has also been done in some plant species without complete genome sequences. These studies have greatly promoted the development of population genomics and deepened our understanding of the genetic diversity, level of linking disequilibium, selection effect, demographical history and molecular mechanism of complex traits of relevant plant population at a genomic level. In this review, I briely introduced the concept and research methods of population genomics and summarized the research progress of plant populatio