高中英语语法系列：非谓语动词.pptVIP

2. 固定结构，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。 Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 通常而言，狗比猪跑得快。 【类似结构】 Taking everything into consideration 考虑到一切 Judging from/by 从...判断 Considering that …考虑到 ★ Taking everything into consideration，the result is better than expected. 考虑到一切，结果比预期的好。 3. 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，这样的词有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(感到厌倦)等，不管它们作什么成分都不用其ing形式。 ★ Lost in the mountains for a week，we were finally saved by the local police. 我们在山中迷路了一周，最后被当地警方救了。 ★ Seated in the front, he listened to the teacher carefully. 他坐在前排，仔细听讲。 非谓语易混淆点 1. 作定语时，done, being done和to be done的区别 ★ This is a problem discussed yesterday. 这是一个已经讨论了的问题。（已经完成的被动动作） ★ This is a problem being discussed now. 这是一个正在讨论的问题。（正在进行的被动动作） ★ This is a problem to be discussed tomorrow. 这是一个将要讨论的问题。（将要进行的被动动作） 通常done表示被动或者已经完成，being done 表示正在被做，to be done表示将要被做。 【注意】having done/having been done 的形式不可以放在一个名词后面做后置定语。 四 2. 非谓语动词的否定式 -ing形式否定式由“not/never +-ing”构成，不定式的否定式由“not/never to do”构成。 ★ I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. ★ Not having done the work well, we decided to try again. 3. 由介词“with+ 宾语+to do/doing /done”构成在句中一般作定语和状语。 ★ With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. ★ With his homework finished, he is now watching TV. 经典例题 1. All flights_____ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train. A. were canceled B. had been canceled C. having canceled D. having been canceled 答案：D 2. The man insisted________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 答案：C 3. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _______ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 答案：D 4. You can never imagine what great difficulty I had